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Acta Sociologica
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Youth Problem: What's the Problem?

A Longitudinal Study of Incomes and Economic Hardship Among Swedish Youth

Björn Halleröd

Annika Westberg

Umeå University, Sweden

The questions addressed in this study are: first, what factors determine the economic situation among the young, and, second, what aspects in youth have a long-term impact on their economic situation as adults? The empirical analysis builds on a three-wave panel covering a period of 16 years. Growth curve modelling is used to estimate changes over time. The main results are: Young people's incomes say little about their current standard of living or future earnings ability. Economic deprivation during youth is unrelated to the development of deprivation over time. Hence, the finding that young people in general face economic difficulties does not mean a problem with lasting implications. Labour market situation and household characteristics during youth are relativelyl unrelated to development later in life. However, long-term unemployment hampers young people's economy in the long run. Most importantly, the results of this analysis emphasize the importance of the reproduction of class and gender relations. It is these two fundamental aspects, more than anything else, that affect young people on their way into adulthood and in their future life as adults.

Key Words: adolescence • class • gender • longitudinal • sociology • structural equation • youth

Acta Sociologica, Vol. 49, No. 1, 83-102 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0001699306061901
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